极濒危的广西南宁平田平话音系及其语音特点

Phonology and Phonetic Features of Critically Endangered Pingtian Dialect in Nanning

南宁市西乡塘区平田平话有声母20个,韵母66个,声调10个,平田平话是在与普通话、南宁白话、壮语的接触背景下使用的,目前已经处于极濒危的状态。其主要语音特点为:今读塞音、塞擦音的古全浊声母字,不论平仄基本读为不送气声母,例外主要是由字形或声旁相近、训读、语言接触等造成;大部分古微母字读如明母;古精知庄章组字今声母合流;鱼虞两韵有条件地分混;咸摄、深摄部分字韵尾受普通话影响变为-n;大部分曾摄开口三等字和梗摄开口三四等字与臻摄合流;上阴入、下阳入大部分是读书音和有音无字的音节;部分去声字存在阴阳混合现象。

There are 20 initial consonants,66 finals and 10 tones in Pingtian dialect spoken in Xixiangtang District of Nanning,Guangxi.Pingtian dialect evolved from the language contact with Mandarin,Nanning Cantonese and the Zhuang Language but now it is in critical danger.Its phonetic features include:syllables with voiced plosive and affricative onsets in MC(Middle Chinese)are now pronounced without aspiration regardless of tones,with exceptions mainly caused by similarity of character forms,exegetic pronunciation and language contact;most of syllables that shared the same initial with wei in MC start with\[m\]nowadays;initials of the MC jing,zhi(divisionⅡ),zhuang and zhang groups merged;conditional merging or splitting happened within rhymes of MC yu and yu;part of codas in xian and shen rhyme groups changed to\[-n\]due to contact with Mandarin;most rhymes of the 3rd division of open zeng group and of 3^(rd) and 4^(th) divisions and open geng group merge with zhen group;most entering tones of rising and downward rising are only used as literary pronunciations without corresponding characters;part of the falling tones merge in terms of yin and yang.