网络信息内容规制领域行政约谈的法治化困境与进路

The Legalization Dilemma and Approach of Administrative Interview in the Field of Network Information Content Regulation

行政约谈在网络信息内容规制领域面临法制与执法层面的诸多困境,包括约谈立法不完善、层级低,约谈范围、对象与主体泛化,约谈的启动条件偏离预防功能,约谈执法有目标偏移及异化的风险等。对行政约谈既有理论资源进行梳理与反思,发现约谈陷入了形式合法性、实质合法性以及规制资源整合的理论阐释困境。面对以上困境,在理论范式层面,提出由政府单向规制转向主体间性的大规制视角、由形式合法转向实质合法等思路。在法制供给和执法层面,提出提高法律位阶、补充程序规范与问责机制、科学规范约谈主体与启动条件、建立激励机制、复归预防性功能、优化组合规制工具、建立双向沟通机制等具体方案。

In the field of network information content regulation,administrative interview is faced with many dilemmas in legal system and law enforcement,including imperfect legislation and low hierarchy,generalization of interview scope,object and subject,the deviation of interview starting conditions from the prevention function,and the risk of target deviation and alienation of interview law enforcement.Sorting out and reflecting on the existing theories of administrative interview---administrative behavior theory,administrative process theory and responsive regulation theory,and found that administrative interview was trapped in the dilemmas of theoretical interpretation of formal legitimacy,substantive legitimacy and the integration of regulatory resources.In the face of these dilemmas,at the level of theoretical paradigm,the paper proposes one-way regulation to big regulation perspective of intersubjectivity,formal legitimacy to the substantive legitimacy.The article respectively explores the way of administrative interview in legal supply and administrative enforcement of law.It includes specific plans such as improving legal level,supplementary procedural norms and accountability mechanisms,scientific standardization of interview subject and starting conditions,the establishment of incentive mechanism,restoration of preventive functions,optimizing combination regulation tools,and the establishment of a two-way communication mechanism.