预见性护理对肛裂术后合并便秘患者排便时间及生活质量的影响

Effects of predictive nursing on defecation time and quality of life in patients with constipation after anal fissure surgery

目的探究预见性护理对肛裂术后合并便秘患者排便时间及生活质量的影响。方法选择2018年1月至2021年1月在我院肛肠外科实施手术后并发便秘的120例肛裂患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各60例。对照组行常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上行预见性护理。比较两组的临床指标、排便疼痛评分[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]、舒适度评分[舒适度状况量表(GCQ)]、心理状态评分[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]、睡眠状况指标[入睡潜伏期、实际睡眠时间、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)]、生活质量评分[世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表(WHOQOL-BREF)]。结果观察组的首次排便时间、便秘解除时间、住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。术后第1、2、3天,两组的VAS评分逐渐降低,GCQ评分逐渐升高,且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。护理后,两组的SAS、SDS、PSQI评分均降低,入睡潜伏期均缩短,实际睡眠时间均延长,且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。护理后,两组患者的生理、心理、环境、社会关系评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论预见性护理应用于肛裂术后合并便秘患者中,有利于促进排便恢复,减轻身体不适,改善患者的心理状态、睡眠质量和生活质量。

Objective To explore the effects of predictive nursing on defecation time and quality of life in patients with constipation after anal fissure surgery.Methods One hundred and twenty patients with anal fissure complicated with constipation after anorectal surgery in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2021 were selected as the research objects.According to the random number table method,the patients was divided into control group and observation group,with 60 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing,and the observation group received predictive nursing on the basis of the control group.The clinical indexes,defecation pain score[visual analogue scale(VAS)],comfort score[general comfort questionnaire(GCQ)],psychological state scores[self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS)],sleep state indexes[sleep latency time,actual sleep time and pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)]and quality of life score[world heath organization quality of life-brief(WHOQOL-BRED)]were compared between the two groups.Results The first defecation time,constipation relief time and hospitalization time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group(P<0.05).On the 1st,2nd and 3rd days after operation,the VAS score in the two groups gradually decreased,the GCQ score gradually increased,and those in the observation group were better than the control group(P<0.05).After nursing,the SAS,SDS and PSQI scores of the two groups decreased,the sleep latency time shortened,the actual sleep time prolonged,and those in the observation group were better than the control group(P<0.05).After nursing,the scores of physiology,psychology,environment and social relations in the two groups were higher than those before nursing,and those in the observation group were higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Predictive nursing applied in patients with constipation after anal fissure surgery is beneficial to promote defecation recovery,reduce physical discomfort,improve psychological state,sleep quality and quality of life of patients.