多维视角下汉语教材生词与对译词语的对应性分布特征及制约因素

A Study on the Distribution Characteristics and the Restricting Factors of the Correspondence Between New Words and Translated Words in Chinese Textbooks from a Multi-dimensional Perspective

本文以《当代中文》 (蒙古语版)为研究对象,从多维视角探讨教材中生词与对译词语的对应性分布特征及制约因素。研究发现:不同词类平均对译词语数量、对应的词际关系类型差异明显;生词与对译词语的语义对应关系类别复杂多样,部分词语对译有误;多数词语与语境义对应,部分词语译注偏离语境或对译词项位序失当。两种语言的词类特点、语言类型、词汇语义系统的复杂性、译者水平和理念等都会影响和制约教材生词与对译词语的对应性分布。国别化教材生词译注应加强汉外词汇对比研究,不断提升译注质量。

This article takes Contemporary Chinese (Mongolian version) as the research object,and explores the corresponding distribution characteristics of new words and translated words from a multi-dimensional perspective.The study found that the average number of translated words of different parts of speech and the types of inter-word correspondences are significantly different.The semantic correspondence between new words and translated words is complex and diverse,and some words are incorrectly translated.Most of the translated words correspond to the contextual meaning,but some deviate from the context,and some are inappropriate for the position of the translated terms.The distribution of correspondence between the new words and translated words is not only influenced and restricted by the characteristics of speech types,language types,the complexity of lexical semantic system,but also affected by the translator’s level of annotation and the principles of translation.It is suggested that the translation of new words in country-specific textbooks should be based on the learner’s perspective to strengthen the comparative study of Chinese and foreign vocabulary,and continuously improve the quality of translation and annotation.