酶联免疫反应加速仪在HIV抗体筛查试验ELISA法中的应用与探讨

Application and Discussion of Enzyme-Linked Immune Response Accelerator in ELISA for HIV Antibody Screening Test

目的:探讨研究酶联免疫反应加速仪在HIV抗体筛查试验ELISA法中的应用。方法:选取2019年1月~2019年12月在本中心对艾滋病自愿咨询检测的521例人员采集静脉血进行研究,在ELISA法试验中分别酶联免疫反应加速仪和水浴法,以此来探讨酶联免疫反应加速仪在HIV检测中的作用;并以梅毒螺旋体明胶凝集试验(TPPA)检验结果作为金标准,分析ELISA法在HIV抗体筛查中的效果。结果:本研究结果显示,酶联免疫反应加速仪的灵敏度高于传统水浴法,并且检测时间也短于传统水浴法(P<0.05)。加速仪法的检出率与水浴法完全一致(P>0.05)。ELISA检测结果与TPPA结果相比较,准确率为98.84%、灵敏度为85.71%、特异度为99.80%。结论:ELISA法在HIV抗体筛查中准确性较高,且酶联免疫反应加速仪与水浴法能达到一致的检验效果,但是前者大幅度缩短ELISA检测时间,提高了检测灵敏度,提升了工作效率。

Objective:To investigate the application of ELISA in HIV antibody screening test ELISA.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2019,venous blood was collected from 521 people who had been voluntarily tested for AIDS in our center,in the ELISA test,the enzyme-linked immunoassay accelerator and the water bath method are used,so as to explore the role of elisa in HIV detection,the results of Treponema pallidum gelatin agglutination test(TPPA)were used as the gold standard to analyze the effect of ELISA in HIV antibody screening.Results:The sensitivity of elisa was higher than that of traditional water bath,and the detection time was shorter than that of traditional water bath(P<0.05).The detection rate of the accelerometer method is completely consistent with that of the water bath method(P>0.05).Comparing the ELISA test results with the TPPA results,the accuracy was 98.84%,the sensitivity was 85.71%,and the specificity was 99.80%.Conclusion:The ELISA method has high accuracy in HIV antibody screening,and the enzyme-linked immunoreaction accelerator and the water bath method can achieve consistent test results,but the former greatly shortens the ELISA test time,improves the detection sensitivity,and improves the work efficiency.