爱的烦恼:第一代大学生代内教育帮扶的影响及其机制

The Trouble of Love:The Effect of First-Generation College Students'Intragenerational Education Assistance and Its Mechanism

代际教育支持和代内教育帮扶均是家庭形塑个体教育轨迹的有效途径,但后者常被忽视。第一代大学生代内教育帮扶超越父代教育支持的局限性,激活上大学兄姐的独特优势,使同代家庭成员获益。本研究将第一代大学生代内教育帮扶的影响置于家庭本位的传统文化与个体本位的现代文化相碰撞的中国情境下进行考察,结果发现,第一代大学生代内教育帮扶在发挥拓宽弟妹向上流动渠道、减轻父母教育负担、促进自我提升的教育代理补偿的积极效应之时,也衍生出非预期后果,致使弟妹形成路径依赖心理,父母转嫁责任成为甩手掌柜,其自身负荷过重而发展受阻。这折射出家庭内部缺乏有效协作,教育帮扶合力尚弱,第一代大学生因过度教育帮扶陷入爱的烦恼。第一代大学生代内教育帮扶是促进教育公平在微观层面实现的必要行动,其中夹杂着父母无法给予子女增益的文化资本之无奈,也暗含着仅有的“先改写者”补偿文化资本之可能。然而,在发挥其积极功能时,也要减少其衍生的非预期后果,规避不利影响。

Intergenerational education support and intragenerational education assistance are effective ways for families to shape children's educational trajectory,but the latter is often neglected.First-generation college students'intragenerational education assistance,which is beyond the limitations of parental education support,can benefit intragenerational family members by activating older siblings'unique advantages.The study explores influences of first-generation college students'intragenerational education assistance in the Chinese context featured with the collision between family-based traditional culture and individual-based modern culture.It is found that first-generation college students'intragenerational education assistance not only exerts the positive effect of education agent compensation by widening younger siblings'channels of upward mobility,reducing parents'education burden,and promoting self-improvement,but also leads to unexpected consequences.As a result,younger siblings form path dependence psychology,parents transfer responsibility,and their own development is blocked due to the overload of assistance.It reflects the lack of effective coordination within families,weak joined force in education assistance,and first-generation college students'excessive education assistance trapped in the trouble of love.As a necessary action to promote the micro-realization of education equity,first-generation college students'intragenerational education assistance is mixed with the fact that parents cannot give their children beneficial cultural capital,and also implies the possible cultural capital compensation from the only"first rewriter".However,when playing its positive functions,we should also reduce its unintended consequences and avoid adverse effects.