基于交际优先与传播优先原则的文化语言翻译

Cultural language translation based on communication-priority principle and culture-transmission-priority principle

文化语言是一种语言中承载独特民族文化涵义的表现形式。文化语言翻译是翻译界长期关注的一个议题,主要聚焦如何通过翻译的媒介让文化内容在不同的交际环境中得到有效传达。翻译活动首先要遵循的原则就是“目的原则”,而翻译目的直接决定文化语言翻译策略的选择。翻译的两个最基本目的是交际与文化传播。文化语言翻译应基于交际优先与传播优先的原则,交际优先原则注重信息的传递与理解,因此译文要最大限度地接近译文受众的语言与文化;而文化传播优先原则注重源语文化元素的传递,因此译文要最大限度地表现原文的语言与文化特色。文化语言翻译有助于中华文化海外传播,能够让海外受众更好地了解中华文化和中国社会的发展,对中国文化海外话语体系和中国国家形象的建构具有重要的支撑作用。

Cultural language(CL)is a form of expression that carries the unique meaning of national culture in a language.As a hot topic concerned by translation circles for a long time,cultural language translation(CLT)mainly deals with how to enable cultural content to be effectively conveyed in different communication contexts by the media of translation.In translation activities,Skopos rule is the first principle to be followed and the choice of translation strategies in CLT is determined by translation skopos.Two most basic skopos of translation are communication and culture transmission.TheCommunication-Priority Principle and the Culture-Transmission-Priority Principle are two primary principles to be followed in CLT.The Communication-Priority Principle in culture language translation focuses on the transmission and comprehension ofinformation and therefore requires the translation to approach the language and culture of the target language audience to its largest extent.The Culture-Transmission-Priority Principle lays more emphases on the transmission of the culture of the source language and therefore requires the translation to reproduce the unique characteristics of both the language and culture of the original.CLT contributes to the overseas dissemination of Chinese culture,which can enable overseas audiences to better understand the development of Chinese culture and Chinese society.It plays an important supporting role in the construction of overseas discourse system of Chinese culture and China’s national image.