青少年骨性Ⅱ类不同垂直骨面型舌与下颌骨形态的相关性研究

Correlation between tongue and mandibular morphology in skeletal ClassⅡadolescents of different vertical skeletal patterns

目的探讨青少年骨性Ⅱ类不同垂直骨面型舌形态、位置与下颌骨形态的相关关系。方法选取60例骨性Ⅱ类青少年为研究对象,按下颌平面角分为高角17例、均角22例、低角21例3组。拍摄锥形束CT,使用Invivo 5软件重建并测量舌及下颌骨指标,利用单因素ANOVA方差分析比较3组间舌和下颌骨的特征,并运用Pearson相关系数分析舌与下颌骨形态的相关关系。结果高角组舌高度,舌体面积、总面积及代表舌位置的指标D2-D5距离大于低角组[(37.06±3.35)mm比(33.26±3.27)mm,(2002.63±300.84)mm^(2)比(1739.88±248.38)mm^(2),(2599.39±355.73)mm^(2)比(2273.65±208.23)mm^(2),(24.99±3.17)mm比(21.94±3.82)mm,(22.77±3.82)mm比(18.87±4.19)mm,(21.42±4.25)mm比(16.92±3.71)mm,(20.69±3.97)mm比(16.42±3.41)mm;P<0.05];下颌骨长度小于均角组和低角组[(63.24±3.92)mm比(67.43±4.95)mm和(67.18±4.21)mm;P<0.05]。下颌骨长度、宽度与舌尖、舌背位置及体积呈正相关;颏凹陷距离与舌尖、舌背位置、总面积及舌体积正相关;下颌角与舌长度、舌高度、舌体及舌根面积、D1-D4距离正相关。结论青少年骨性Ⅱ类高角较低角者下颌骨更短,舌体位置更高且在口内舌位置更靠前上。下颌骨较长较宽,骨性颏部较明显的患者多伴有体积较大、位置较低的舌体。

Objective To explore the relationship between the shape and position of the tongue and the shape of the mandible in adolescents with skeletal ClassⅡdifferent vertical skeletal facial types.Methods Sixty cases of skeletal ClassⅡadolescents were selected,and they were divided into three groups according to the mandibular plane angle:17 cases with high angle,22 cases with average angle,and 21 cases with low angle.Cone beam CT was taken,The tongue and mandibular indexes were reconstructed and measured by using Invivo 5 software,and the characteristics of the tongue and mandible among the three groups were compared by one-way ANOVA analysis of variance,and the correlation between tongue and mandibular morphology was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient.Results The tongue height,tongue area,total area and the D2-D5 distance of the high-angle group are greater than those of the low-angle[(37.06±3.35)mm vs(33.26±3.27)mm,(2002.63±300.84)mm^(2) vs(1739.88±248.38)mm^(2),(2599.39±355.73)mm^(2) vs(2273.65±208.23)mm^(2),(24.99±3.17)mm vs(21.94±3.82)mm,(22.77±3.82)mm vs(18.87±4.19)mm,(21.42±4.25)mm vs(16.92±3.71)mm,(20.69±3.97)mm vs(16.42±3.41)mm;P<0.05];the mandible length is less than that of the average-angle and the low-angle group[(63.24±3.92)mm,(67.43±4.95)mm and(67.18±4.21)mm,relatively;P<0.05].The length and the width of the mandible is positively correlated with the tongue volume,the position of the tip and the back of the tongue.The concaveness of the fossa mentalis is positively correlated with the total area,the volume,and the position of the tip and the back of the tongue.The mandibular angle is positively correlated with tongue length,tongue height,tongue body area,tongue base area and D1-D4 distance.Conclusions Compared with low angle,skeletal ClassⅡadolescents with a high angle have a shorter mandible and a higher tongue position.Patients with longer and wider mandible and a more pronounced bony chin tend to have larger and lower tongue.