基于直线特征优化的建筑物三维重建

3D Reconstruction of Buildings Based on Line Feature Optimization

为了提升建筑物三维重建精度和效率,提出基于直线特征优化的建筑物三维重建方法。首先,在分析传统直线特征检测与匹配算法的基础上,通过设定直线长度阈值,提高两视图直线特征匹配效率。随后,将密集点云引入传统直线特征匹配算法,提出点特征辅助的直线特征匹配方法,匹配直线数量明显增长。最后,结合建筑物特点,将三轴垂直关系作为约束条件引入光束法平差中,优化了建筑物模型结构,并将优化后的直线特征重采样为离散点,进一步加密建筑物点云,改善建筑物轮廓及其邻域的建模效果。结果表明:基于直线特征优化的建筑物三维重建方法能够在保证模型精度的基础上,有效改善建筑物模型结构和建模效果;在直线特征加密试验中,优化后的直线特征能够有效加密建筑物稀疏三维点云,在密集点云中仍能有效优化加密区域的建模效果;在模型结构优化试验中,改进后的光束法平差优化方法能够明显改善建筑物模型三轴垂直关系,有效提高了建筑物模型精度。

In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of 3 D reconstruction of building, a building 3 D reconstruction method based on line feature optimization was proposed. Firstly, based on the analysis of the traditional line feature detection and matching algorithm, the line length threshold was set to improve the efficiency of line feature matching between two views. Then, the dense point cloud was introduced into the traditional line feature matching algorithm, and a point feature assisted line feature matching method was proposed, and the number of matching lines increased significantly. Finally, combined with the characteristics of buildings, the three-axis vertical relationship was introduced into the beam adjustment as a constraint condition to optimize the building model structure. The optimized linear features was resampled into discrete points to further encrypt the building point cloud and improve the modeling effect of building contour and its neighborhood. The results show that 3 D reconstruction method based on linear feature optimization can effectively improve the structure and modeling effect of building model on the basis of ensuring the accuracy of the model. In the experiment of line feature encryption, the optimized line feature can effectively encrypt the sparse 3 D point cloud of buildings, and can still effectively optimize the modeling effect of the encrypted area in the dense point cloud. In the model structure optimization experiment, the improved beam adjustment optimization method can significantly improve the three-axis vertical relationship of the building model and effectively improve the accuracy of the building model.