反思教学的对称性

The Reflection on the Symmetry of Teaching

教学可被视为是一种互动行为,而互动则蕴含了丰富的对称性原理。反思教学的对称性对于重新厘定师生角色,促进以学生为本的学习,建立平等和互惠的师生关系,及促进学生在认知、情感和社会性方面的平衡具有重要意义。研究尝试从四方面探讨教学上对称/非对称关系,包括不同学科的视角、教学设计(尤其是鹰架和最近发展区[ZPD]方面)、教学互动与沟通的取向以及不同脉络与场景等。反思教学的对称性启示我们在教学过程中应该避免由于价值、权利、知识、经验、资源、意识等的非对称而造成的不平等,教学应该加强沟通、关怀和互惠性的元素,注意不同教学策略(如ZPD)和情境下师生的角色和互动关系。教师应该加强教学反思,洞察教学对称与非对称的关系,通过师生双方共同的责任和努力,达致一种最佳状态,增进学习者(学生及教师)的素质。

Teaching can be regarded as an interactive behavior,and interaction contains rich symmetry principle.The symmetry of reflective teaching is of great significance to redefine the role of teachers and students,promote student-centered learning,establish equal and mutually beneficial relationship between teachers and students,and promote the balance of students'cognition,emotion and sociality.This study attempts to explore the symmetric/asymmetric relationship in teaching from four aspects,including the perspectives of different disciplines,teaching design(especially the scaffolding and zone of proximal development(ZPD)),the orientation of teaching interaction and communication,and different contexts and scenes.The symmetry of reflective teaching enlightens us that we should avoid the inequality caused by the asymmetry of value,right,knowledge,experience,resources and consciousness in the teaching process,strengthen the elements of communication,care and reciprocity,and pay attention to the role and interaction between teachers and students in different teaching strategies(such as ZPD)and situations.Teachers should strengthen teaching reflection,have an insight into the relationship between symmetry and asymmetry in teaching,achieve the best state and improve the quality of learners(students and teachers)through the common responsibility and efforts of both teachers and students.