基于数字图像相关方法的材料力学实验教学探索

EXPLORATION ON THE TEACHING OF EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS OF MATERIALS BASED ON DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION METHOD

实验教学是培养学生实践和创新能力的重要手段,如何在有限的实验学时条件下,开展丰富高效的力学实验、关联更多的理论知识点是材料力学教学改革亟需解决的问题。本文引入数字图像相关(digital image correlation, DIC)方法,以带孔低碳钢拉伸和高温镍基合金热变形测量等试验为例,对材料力学实验教学进行改革探索。实践表明,基于DIC方法的实验教学可充分发挥出DIC全场变形可视化、测量过程简单、快速精确等优势,显著调动了学生的学习兴趣,加深了学生对多个关联知识点的理解,同时启迪了学生的科学创新意识。

Experimental teaching is an important means to cultivate students’ practical and innovative ability. How to carry out rich and efficient mechanical experiments and associate more theoretical knowledge points under the condition of limited experimental class hours is an urgent problem to be solved in the teaching reform of materials mechanics. In this paper, the digital image correlation(DIC) method is introduced for the exploration on experimental teaching of materials mechanics, taking the tensile testing of low carbon steels with a hole and the thermal deformation measurement of high temperature nickel-based superalloys as examples. The practice shows that the experimental teaching based on DIC method can take full advantages of full-field deformation visualization and simple measurement process of DIC, which significantly mobilize students’ enthusiasm, deepen students’ understanding of multiple related knowledge points, and inspire students’ awareness of scientific innovation.