基于文化遗产目标的云南传统村落价值评价与分类保护

Value Evaluation and Classification Protection of Traditional Villages in Yunnan Based on the Objective of Cultural Heritage

引入“分层设定、各赋权重、四阶分值”的基本模式,构建两个维度7个方面共24个具有遗产价值导向的云南传统村落价值评价指标体系,结合AHP-熵权法计算复合权重,对50个样本村落进行实证评价和初步分类。结果表明:多数样本村落不仅价值类型丰富,且保护成效显著,遗产价值较为突出,但遗产特征维度完整性、延续性普遍较低,这与对传统村落遗产资源的重视不足有关;将传统村落划分为传承型、困境型、活力型和衰退型4种,并提出了与之相对应的保护发展策略,旨在为云南传统村落因地制宜的保护发展提供决策依据。

The value of traditional villages in Yunnan is recognized from the perspective of cultural heritage,and the basic model of′hierarchical set,weight assignment and fourth-order score′is introduced.A total of 24 value evaluation index systems of Yunnan traditional villages with heritage value orientation in 2 dimensions and 7 aspects were constructed.Combined with AHP-entropy weight method,the composite weights were calculated,and 50 sample villages were empirically evaluated and preliminarily classified.The results show that most of the sample villages are not only rich in value types,but also effective against protection.The heritage value is more prominent,but the integrity and continuity of the heritage feature dimension are generally low,which is related to the lack of attention to the heritage resources of traditional villages.The traditional villages are divided into 4 types:inheritance type,dilemma type,vitality type and recession type.The corresponding strategies are proposed to provide decision-making basis for the protection and development of traditional villages in Yunnan according to local conditions.