基于中国-以色列合作项目的城市卫生应急准备能力提升研究

Study on the improvement of civic health emergency preparedness capacity based on China-Israel cooperation project

目的探讨以色列城市卫生应急准备的做法和可借鉴性,为提升我国城市卫生应急准备能力提供对策建议。方法以长三角某城市与以色列合作开展的城市卫生应急准备项目为基础,梳理以色列的应急理论、思路、方法与实践,通过分析对比我国与以色列做法的异同,评估我国城市卫生应急准备的现况与改进重点。结果提炼以色列模式中可借鉴之处,结合我国的相关国情,可从以下方面着手提升城市卫生应急准备能力:围绕“风险-情景-能力”的逻辑主线;以规则体系的制订与落实为基础;以建设大数据驱动的应急信息系统为重点项目;建立多元主体组织协调机制;引入全新理念打造预案体系;推动行政和公众两个层面应急文化的形成。结论以色列的应急理论和实践有一定的借鉴意义,要根据我国实际情况,深入研究和引入先进的应急管理理念和经验,妥善解决城市卫生应急准备各要素存在的问题,开展持续的应急能力建设。

Objective To explore the practice and reference of civic health emergency preparedness in Israel,and to provide countermeasures and suggestions for improving the capacity of civic health emergency preparedness in China.Methods Based on the civic health emergency preparedness project jointly carried out by a city in the Yangtze River Delta and Israel,this paper summarized Israel's emergency preparedness theories,ideas,methods and practices,and evaluated the current situation and improvement priorities of civic health emergency preparedness in China by analyzing and comparing the similarities and differences between China and Israel.Results By extracting the references from the Israeli model and combining the relevant national conditions of China,the capacity of civic health emergency preparedness could be improved from the following aspects:the logical thread centering on"risk-scenario-capacity";based on the formulation and implementation of rules system;construction of big data-driven emergency information system;establishing multi-subject organization and coordination mechanism;introduce a new concept to build a plan system;promote the formation of emergency culture at both administrative and public levels.Conclusion Israel's emergency theory and practice have certain reference significance.According to the actual situation in China,advanced emergency management concepts and experience should be deeply studied and introduced to properly solve the problems existing in various elements of urban health emergency preparedness and carry out continuous emergency capacity building.