基于摩擦自激振动理论的地铁线路梯形轨枕支承小半径曲线轮轨系统钢轨波磨研究

Research on Rail Corrugation on Sharp Curved Track Supported by Trapezoid Sleepers Based on Friction Self-excited Vibration Theory

基于摩擦自激振动理论,研究了地铁线路梯形轨枕支承小半径曲线轨道上出现的钢轨波磨病害的成因及影响因素。建立了梯形轨枕支承小半径曲线轮轨系统的有限元模型,利用复特征值法研究了轮轨系统的摩擦自激振动特性,并分别讨论了轨道减振结构中侧向缓冲垫参数、底部橡胶垫板参数和扣件参数对轮轨系统发生摩擦自激振动的影响。结果表明,在梯形轨道支承小半径曲线轨道上,诱导该区间钢轨波磨的主要成因可能是轮轨间蠕滑力饱和导致的摩擦自激振动;总的扣件刚度和底部橡胶垫板的垂向阻尼对轮轨系统自激振动的影响较为明显,轮轨系统的不稳定振动趋势随扣件刚度和底部橡胶垫板的垂向阻尼的增加而降低。因此,在一定范围内通过增大扣件刚度和底部橡胶垫板垂向阻尼,有助于缓解梯形轨枕支承小半径曲线轨道上钢轨波磨的发生趋势。

Based on friction self-excited vibration theory,the cause and influencing factors of rail corrugation on the sharp curved track supported by trapezoid sleepers are studied.Finite element model of wheel-rail on a sharp curved track supported by trapezoid sleepers is established.Then,the self-excited vibration characteristics of the wheel-rail system are studied by using the complex eigenvalue analysis.The influence of the stiffness-damping parameters of fastener and lateral cushion and bottom rubber pad on friction self-excited vibration of wheel-rail system is discussed.Results show that,on the sharp curved track supported by trapezoid sleepers,the main cause of interval rail corrugation may be the friction self-excited vibration caused by the saturation of creep force between wheel and rail.The total fastener stiffness and the vertical damping of the bottom rubber pad have obvious effects on the self-excited vibration of the wheel-rail system.The unstable vibration tendency decreases with the increase of fastener stiffness and vertical damping of bottom rubber pad.Therefore,within certain range,by increasing fastener stiffness and vertical damping of bottom rubber pad,occurrence of rail corrugation on sharp curved track supported by trapezoid sleepers can be alleviated.