征收补偿协议加成补偿机制的证成与规制

Justifications and Regulations of Bonus-compensation Mechanisms in Expropriation and Compensation Agreements

研究目的:针对征收补偿协议比例要求与协议激励机制存在的不匹配问题,探究可行的应对路径。研究方法:文献分析法和比较分析法。研究结果:加成补偿机制是协议激励机制的主要路径,存在概括性规定和限定加成比例两种立法例,其动力基础是征收双方的合作剩余,经济学机理是外部成本的内部化,行政法机理是补偿原则从“对物补偿”向“对人补偿”的历史性演变。研究结论:加成补偿机制应予体系化设计:(1)性质上界定为具有双向约束的法定义务;(2)适用上,土地征收补偿协议采用“行政定价+加成补偿”模式,房屋征收补偿协议采用“市场价+加成补偿”模式;(3)基数以被征收财产价值为依据且可就土地和房屋做二级区分;(4)系数采用“法律规定最高比例、补偿方案规定具体比例”模式;(5)条件以时间为核心进行梯度配置。

The purpose of this paper is to establish an appropriate response path to remedy the deviation between the proportion of expropriation compensation agreement and the incentive mechanism to achieve an agreement.The research methods include literature review and comparative analysis.The research results show that the bonus-compensation mechanism is the main path of the incentive mechanism of agreement.There are two kinds of legislative examples:general provisions and limiting bonus proportion.Its driving force is the cooperation surplus of both sides.It is the internalization of external costs in the economic mechanism and historical evolution of the compensation principle from“compensation for things”to“compensation for people”in the administrative law mechanism.In conclusion,the bonus-compensation mechanism should be systematically designed:1)its nature is defined as a legal obligation with bi-directional constraints;2)in terms of scope of application,the land expropriation compensation agreement adopts the mode of“administrative pricing/bonus compensation”,and the housing expropriation compensation agreement adopts the mode of“administrative pricing through market price/bonus compensation”;3)the benchmark price of compensation is based on the value of the expropriated property and can be further divided according to the way of compensation;4)the compensation coefficient adopts two modes,i.e.,the highest proportion stipulated by law and the specific proportion stipulated by the compensation scheme;5)the condition of compensation takes time as the core gradient configuration.