小麦面粉色泽相关基因在河南地方品种中的分布

Distribution of Flour Color Related Genes in Henan Wheat Landraces

面粉色泽是小麦品质的重要指标,与色泽相关的低多酚氧化酶和高脂肪氧化酶活性是小麦品质育种的重要目标之一。为了明确河南省小麦地方品种中上述两类酶的基因分布情况,利用4个多酚氧化酶(polyphenoloxidase,PPO)和2个脂肪氧化酶(lipoxygenase,LOX)基因的功能标记对308份河南地方小麦品种进行检测。结果表明,基因PPO-A1a、PPO-A1b在306个品种中具有明确检测结果,携带品种数量为132和174,频率为43.14%和56.86%;携带基因PPO-D1a、PPO-D1b、TaLox-B1a、TaLox-B1b的品种数量为282、26、21和287,其频率为91.56%、91.56%、6.82%和93.18%。在306个品种中,携带低活性多酚氧化酶基因型组合(PPO-A1b/PPO-D1a)、较低活性多酚氧化酶基因型组合(PPO-A1b/PPO-D1b)、较高活性多酚氧化酶基因型组合(PPO-A1a/PPO-D1a)和高活性多酚氧化酶基因型组合(PPO-A1a/PPO-D1b)的品种数分别为166、114、10和16,其频率分别为54.25%、37.25%、3.27%和5.23%,具有PPO-A1b/PPO-D1a/TaLox-B1a基因型的品种有11个,其频率为3.59%,PPO-A1a/PPO-D1b/TaLox-B1b基因型品种数为16个。

Flour color is an important index of wheat quality,and low activity of polyphenol oxidase(PPO) and high activity of lipoxygenase(LOX)is one of the important breeding objectives in wheat quality breeding. In order to clarify the gene distribution relative to PPO and LOX in wheat landraces in Henan Province,308 varieties were tested with four PPO and two LOX functional markers. The results showed that 132 and 174 varieties carry the PPO-A1a and PPO-A1b,accounting for 43.14% and 56.86%,respectively. There are282,26,21 and 287 varieties carry PPOD-D1a, PPO-D1b, TaLox-B1a and TaLox-B1b,accounting for 91.56%,91.56%,6.82%,and 93.18%,respectively. Among the 306 varieties with accurate genotypes,there are 166,114,10 and 16 varieties carrying lowest PPO activity genotype( PPO-A1b/ PPO-D1a),low PPO activity genotype( PPO-A1b/ PPO-D1b),high PPO genotype( PPO-A1a/ PPO-D1a) and highest PPO activity genotype( PPO-A1a/ PPO-D1b),with the frequency of 54.25%,37.25%,3.27% and 5.23%,respectively. There are 11 varieties carrying PPO-A1b/ PPO-D1a/ TaLox-B1a genotype,with the frequency of 3.59%. There are 16 varieties carrying PPO-A1a/ PPO-D1b/ TaLox-B1b genotype.