基于元胞自动机的人车交互行为数值模拟方法研究

Research on numerical simulation method of human-vehicle interaction behavior based on cellular automata

为提高在复杂人车交互场景下人车混流疏散模拟合理性,对该类场景下安全设计及高效运营提供可靠技术支持.本文基于元胞自动机模型构建开发考虑行人绕行障碍物,车辆行进中避让行人,以及车辆停启对行人过道判断影响等因素的人车混流交互模型.利用该方法对西安某典型商业地下停车场进行仿真模拟,研究在该场景下的微观人车交互行为与疏散时间及疏散过程中的安全事故的关系.结果表明,本文构建的模拟方法将行人与车辆分别设定独立行为规则并进行非线性耦合模拟,更符合现实场景;通过场景模拟结果可得,在车道承载能力范围内,车道内车辆与停车位交互的影响是对人车混流过程中产生延误和危险情况的主要因素.

In order to improve the rationality of the mixed evacuation simulation of pedestrians and vehicles in complex human-vehicle interaction scenarios, reliable technical support is provided for safe design and efficient operation in such scenarios. Based on the cellular automata model, this paper constructs and develops a pedestrian-vehicle mixed-flow interaction model that takes into account factors such as pedestrians crossing obstacles, vehicles avoiding pedestrians, and vehicle parking on whether pedestrians pass the road or not. This method is used to simulate a typical commercial underground parking lot in Xi’an, and the relationship between the microscopic human-vehicle interaction behavior and evacuation time and safety accidents in the evacuation process in this scene is studied. The conclusion shows that the simulation method constructed in this paper sets independent behavior rules for pedestrians and vehicles and performs nonlinear coupling simulations, which is more in line with the real scene;the simulation results of the scene can be obtained, within the carrying capacity of the lane, the vehicle and the parking space in the lane The influence of interaction is the main factor that causes delays and dangerous situations in the process of mixed traffic between people and vehicles.