电动能源转换装置研究进展

Research Progress of Electric Energy Conversion Device

如今环境污染以及能源危机已经成为全球热议的话题。地球71%的表面被水覆盖,从山川、河流到汪洋大海;从冰山、小溪到空气水分,我们可否“以水为源,点水成金”?动电效应是指当外部压力驱动电解质溶液通过带有净电荷的纳米孔道时,阴阳离子在电双层内发生电荷分离,在孔道内出现阴阳离子的非对称输运而产生动电流和动电压的现象。近年来,基于动电效应的纳米孔道能量转换系统因其结构简单,可以有效地将流体机械能转化为电能,吸引了研究者们的广泛关注。本综述将从传统电动能源转换装置,到水相变,水流,滴水驱动电动能源转换装置,总结近年来其研究进展,及其在未来应用上的无限潜力,为“碳中和”目标的实现做出微薄的贡献。

Energy crisis and environmental pollution have become urgent issues nowadays.71 percent of our earth’s surface is covered with water,from mountains and rivers to oceans;from icebergs and streams to moisture,how can we drop some water to generate electricity?Here we show a way to generate streamingcurrent and potential,that is ions dissociated in the aqueous solutions,and the counterions will flow through driven by the pressure,asymmetrical transportation action occurs in nanochannels.Electrokinetic energy conversion(EEC),which transform the fluid mechanical energy into electricity,is becoming more and more significant.Herein,we will summary the development on traditional EEC,water phase transformation-driven EEC,humidity-driven EEC,and transpiration-driven EEC in this mini review,to inspire more thoughts for the achievement of the sustainable develop goals and to do some contributions for the carbon neutrality goals.