傣族民间乐舞的舞蹈生态及其元素教学探析

Analysis of the Dance Ecology and Element Teaching of Dai Folk Music and Dance

在中国民间舞创作和学科建设中,傣族民间乐舞具有举足轻重的地位。将傣族民间乐舞作为一个整体来研究,是践行舞蹈生态学研究和民间舞教学应该重视的问题。傣族民间乐舞的舞蹈生态因子主要有生产劳作、宗教信仰、服饰、器乐等,其语言系统的建构是一个不断发展的过程。历史上傣族乐舞文化系统的发展成熟、职业化艺人的舞蹈流派形成,以及舞台创作与教学研究的生态位发展共同促进着傣族舞蹈生态系统的建构。舞蹈生态学的舞蹈形态分析与民间舞的元素教学有相通互利之处,舞动的因子提取即对“根元素”的捕捉,舞畴的综合分析有利于舞蹈教学的规范化,舞意的内涵需结合风格性组合训练等。通过对傣族民间乐舞的舞蹈生态及其元素教学探析,认识到田野采风、文化研究、课堂教学以及舞台创作可以形成一个发展健全的舞蹈生态系统,以此推动中国民间舞教学体系的文化自觉,促进傣族民间舞教学的科学化发展。

In the creation and disciplinary development of Chinese folk dance, the Dai folk music and dance owns a pivotal position. To study the Dai folk music and dance as a whole is an issue that should be emphasized in the practice of the research of dance ecology and folk dance teaching. The ecological factors of Dai folk music and dance mainly include production and labor, religious beliefs, costumes and instrumental music, etc. The construction of its linguistic system is a process of continuous development. Historically, the construction of the Dai dance ecosystem is sustained by the development and maturation of the Dai music and dance cultural system, the formation of dance genres and schools by professional artists, and the stage creation and the niche development of teaching and research. Dance morphological analysis of dance ecology and the element teaching of folk dance are mutually beneficial to each other. The factor extraction of dance movement is the capture of “root elements”, the comprehensive analysis of dance genres facilitates the standardization of dance teaching, and the connotation of dance meaning needs to be combined with stylistic combined training, etc. Through the exploration and analysis of the dance ecology and element teaching of Dai folk music and dance, it is recognized that field collection, cultural research, classroom teaching and stage creation can form a well-developed dance ecosystem, which thereby can promote cultural consciousness of the Chinese folk dance teaching system and the scientific development of Dai folk dance teaching.