农业要素禀赋对农产品价格波动的影响研究

Study on the influence of agricultural endowments on the price fluctuations of agricultural products

近年来,我国小麦、玉米、棉花、大豆等多种农产品出现明显价格波动,不同要素禀赋通过不同途径影响农产品价格。本文从理论上研究农业要素禀赋作用于农产品价格的机理,再通过实证分析各要素禀赋对我国农产品价格的影响,结果表明:土地要素对农产品的影响最为明显,资本要素的影响则较低;土地要素和劳动力的要素投入越多,农产品价格越低;资本要素需要合理运用才能才会提升农产品生产效率和产量,进而促使其价格下降。不合理的投入反而会增加生产成本,导致价格上涨。据此,应制定差异化策略,推进农业资本要素市场化配置;深化产业用地市场化配置改革;加大农业生产服务投入,降低农产品生产成本。

In recent years, the prices of wheat, corn, cotton, soybean and other agricultural products in China have fluctuated significantly. Different factor endowments affect the prices of agricultural products through different ways. This paper theoretically studies the mechanism of agricultural factor endowments acting on the price of agricultural products, and then empirically analyzes the impact of various factor endowments on the price of agricultural products in China. The results show that land factors have the most obvious impact on agricultural products, while capital factors have a lower impact;The higher the input of land and labor, the lower the price of agricultural products;Only when capital elements are reasonably used can the production efficiency and output of agricultural products be improved, and then the price of agricultural products be reduced. Unreasonable input will increase production costs and lead to price increases. Accordingly, the differentiation strategy should be formulated to promote the market-oriented allocation of agricultural capital elements;Deepen the reform of market-oriented allocation of industrial land;We will increase investment in agricultural production services and reduce the production costs of agricultural products.