基于高分影像的乡村聚落提取与空间重构

Rural settlements extraction and spatial reconstruction based on GF-1

为探究乡村聚落空间重构策略并助力乡村振兴,本文以德阳市罗江区为例,基于2018年高分一号(GF-1)遥感影像数据,利用面向对象方法提取聚落斑块信息,运用核密度估计法分析乡村聚落空间分布特征,并结合自然和社会经济因素构建聚落用地适宜性评价体系,对现有乡村聚落进行评价,最终提出差异化重构策略。结果表明:(1)罗江区乡村聚落分布呈现“一心多极圈层扩散”的特征。(2)聚落布局适宜性总体偏高,不同乡镇适宜性差异显著。(3)现有乡村聚落布局倾向于较高级别适宜区,适宜性较好的乡镇布局合理性越高。(4)根据不同的集聚和适宜性特征,将罗江区乡村聚落划分为集聚发展型、提升建设型、限制协调型、生态转化型4种类型,并探讨其差异化重构建议。

In order to explore the spatial reconstruction strategy of rural settlements and help rural revitalization,We take Luojiang district of Deyang city as an example.Based on the remote sensing image data of GF-1 in 2018,we use object-oriented methods to extract settlement patch information,use nuclear density estimation to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements,and combine natural and socio-economic factors to construct the settlement land suitability evaluation system evaluates the existing rural settlements,and finally we propose a differentiated reconstruction strategy.The results show that:(1)The distribution of rural settlements presents the characteristics of “single-center multi-polar circle diffusion”.(2) The suitability of settlement layout is generally high,with significant differences in suitability among different towns.(3)The layout of existing rural settlements tends to be higher-level suitable areas,and the more suitable the layout of towns and villages is more reasonable.(4)According to different agglomeration and suitability characteristics,the rural settlements in Luojiang district are divided into four types:agglomeration development type,construction promotion type,restricted coordination type,and ecological transformation type,and the direction of differentiation and reconstruction is discussed.