元宇宙空间著作权扩张问题研究——以公共领域保留为视角

Research on the Expansion of Copyright in Meta-universe:From the Perspective of Public Domain Reservation

元宇宙是运用区块链、人工智能、大数据等数字技术创造出的虚拟空间,其本质是对现实世界生活的映射。在元宇宙内创作的作品,其著作权在应用维度、客体维度、权利维度得到了扩张。著作权的无序扩张将会导致公共领域的式微,造成著作权私人利益与公共利益的严重失衡。当前,我国《著作权法》没有直接使用公共领域的概念,但在相关制度中都间接体现了公共领域的价值。为了应对元宇宙下著作权多维度的扩张,亟需厘清公共领域的内涵属性,并基于此从“引入公共领域规定”“完善公共领域制度”“优化合理利用条款”来限制著作权的扩张,进而维持著作权法律制度的动态平衡。

Meta-universe is a virtual space created by digital technologies such as blockchain,artificial intelligence and big data.Its essence is the mapping of real world life.The copyright of works created in Meta-universe has been expanded in application dimension,object dimension and right dimension.However,the disorderly expansion of copyright will lead to the decline of the public domain,resulting in a serious imbalance between the private interests and the public interests of copyright.At present,China’s Copyright Law does not directly use the concept of public domain,but it indirectly reflects the value of public domain in relevant systems.In order to cope with the multi-dimensional expansion of copyright in the meta-universe,it is urgent to clarify the connotation of the public domain,and based on this,we should limit its expansion by attaching importance to the value of the public domain,introducing public domain regulations,perfecting the public domain system,and optimizing the fair use clauses,so as to maintain the dynamic balance of the copyright legal system.