体内铀毒性及其新型促排剂研究进展

Research advances in toxicity of uranium in vivo and its new chelators

铀是天然存在的重要放射性锕系元素,是核工业中重要的核材料。铀意外释放到环境中,经呼吸道和消化道等途径进入机体,通过血液进入全身循环,最终主要沉积在肾脏和骨骼中,造成一定的毒性。因此,高效低毒促排剂是有效减少核素污染,降低辐射损伤和化学毒性的一个重要方式。本文对铀沉积及危害、铀促排剂解毒机制和促排剂的研究进展进行综述,提出铀促排剂研究的发展趋势。

Uranium is an important radioactive actinide in nature and an important nuclear material in nuclear industry.After uranium is accidentally released into the environment,it enters the body through the respiratory tract,the digestive tract,and other ways,then enters the circulation system through blood,and is finally mainly deposited in the kidney and bone,causing a certain degree of toxicity.Therefore,efficient low-toxicity chelators are an important way to reduce radio-nuclide pollution,radiation damage,and chemical toxicity.This article reviews uranium deposition and harm,the detoxifica-tion mechanism of uranium chelators,and the research advances in uranium chelators and points out the development trend of uranium chelators.