企业家精神与中国经济增长:基于历史传承的视角

Entrepreneurship and China’s economic performance:A heritage perspective

企业家精神是经济增长的动态因素,企业家精神的延续是造成经济增长中区域路径依赖现象的重要原因.本文从中国历史的角度解释改革开放后企业家精神的来源和企业家创业的激励机制,并实证分析其对经济发展水平的影响.研究认为企业家知识、价值观等的传承有利于改革开放后民营经济的兴起和发展;计划经济时期国有经济比重较低,延续了企业家精神,保留了企业家的创业冲动,而且国有经济的技术和人才溢出效应,促进了民营企业的发展.本文的研究有助于理解中国经济增长的内在动力,有助于解释中国民营企业兴起于体制边缘和在“工业化程度高”的地区更为成功的现象,对于当下发挥企业家精神的积极作用也具有借鉴意义.

Entrepreneurial dynamism is fundamental for innovation and growth.Heritage of entrepreneurship could generate regional path dependence.The origin of entrepreneurship and the incentives of the entrepreneurs have been investigated from the historical perspective,also empirically analyzed in this work.These results indicate that the heritage of entrepreneurial knowledge and norms,the lower ratio of China ’s state-owned workers,the spillover of technology and entrepreneurial human capital from the state-owned firms are fundamental for the booming of the non-state sectors and the rapid economic growth.This work can help us to understand the mechanism of China ’s economic growth,to understand the phenomenon why non-state sector developed more rapidly in the more industrialized area,to create a dynamic and innovative economy.