营商环境优化对企业创新效率的影响研究

The impact of business environment optimization on firm’s innovation efficiency

利用世界银行发布的中国营商环境报告,构建30个重点城市的营商环境优化指数,通过与中国工业企业数据库相匹配,基于中介效应模型分析营商环境优化对企业创新效率的影响及其作用机制.研究发现:营商环境优化显著促进企业创新效率提升,其通过降低企业层面的制度性交易成本、促进行业层面的市场竞争、以及改善城市层面的要素资源配置的中介机制实现,而且要素资源配置中介效应大于市场竞争和制度性交易成本中介效应.异质性分析表明,营商环境优化对非国有企业创新效率的影响大于国有企业,对所属资本密集型和高新技术行业企业的影响大于劳动密集型行业,对沿海地区企业的影响大于内陆地区.

According to the report "Doing Business in China" issued by the World Bank,this paper constructs 30 key cities’ index of business environment optimization in China.By merging it with Chinese industry survey data,this paper analyzes the effect and mechanism of business environment optimization on the firm" s innovation efficiency.The empirical results show that business environment optimization significantly promotes a firm ’s innovation efficiency.The mediating effects between business environment optimization and firm innovation efficiency are that they lower the transaction cost at the firm level,promote market competition at the industry level,and improve the resources allocation efficiency at the city level.Moreover,mediating effects of resources allocation efficiency are higher than that of transaction cost and market competition.The heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of business environment optimization is higher for non-state-owned enterprises than state-owned enterprises,higher for capital intensive and high technology industries than labor-intensive industries,and higher for coastal areas than inland areas.