论民办学校融资的法律规制——基于分类管理制度目的的考量

On Legal Regulation on Financing of Private Schools:According to the Goals of Classified Management

支持和规范社会力量兴办教育是分类管理的制度目的。从实施效果看,分类管理基本实现了支持社会力量兴办教育的制度目的,但在规范社会力量兴办教育方面仍存在明显不足,产生了过度资本化的风险。这些问题的根源,在于立法未能完全落实分类管理的具体规则,出现营利性和公益性相对立以及非营利性不当扩张与限缩。未来分类管理制度应遵循营利性、非营利性和公益性的内在法治逻辑,按照以教育行为公益性为重点完善营利性民办学校规则、回归非营利性本义完善非营利性民办学校规则的基本思路完善对民办学校融资的法律规制。

To encourage private schools run by nongovernmental sectors furtherly and promote the sound development of private education are targets on governing financing of classified management. According to the enforcement effect,classified management promotes the increase of financing income,but it doesn’t achieve the goal of“further”and release profit-driven character of capital which causes the risk of over-capitalization. The causes lie on the legislation which refers to abuse of the separation of profitability and public welfare in legal system and improper expansion and limitation of non-profit. To improve the system of classified management,for-profit regulations should be modified which focus on public benefit and no-profit regulations should be modified which returns to the origin meaning of no-profit.