脱油沥青气化副产炭黑的理化性质

Physical and Chemical Properties of Byproduct Carbon Black From Deoiled Asphalt Gasification Unit

利用元素分析、热重分析、傅里叶红外光谱、N_(2)等温吸附-脱附比表面分析、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、X-射线荧光光谱(XRF)等方法,系统分析了脱油沥青(DOA)气化副产炭黑的理化性质。结果表明:炭黑的固定碳、挥发分、灰分的质量分数分别为86.10%、7.04%、5.88%,综合燃烧特性指数S为9.47×10^(-5)%^(2)/(min^(2)·℃^(3)),燃烧反应活性不高;炭黑表面含有大量芳香烃结构,也存在一定量的O-H、C=O、C-O等含氧官能团;炭黑中主要为中孔和大孔,炭黑的总比表面积和孔体积分别仅为207.15 m^(2)/g和0.49 cm^(3)/g;炭黑中的次级粒子和附聚体基本呈链枝结构,炭黑粒子根据其表面特征可以分为多孔型、泡沫型及崩塌型;炭黑灰分以条状和片状微粒的聚集体形态存在,最主要成分V_(2)O_(5)、NiO的质量分数分别为64.1%、19.3%,因而炭黑可作为钒镍资源。

The physical and chemical properties of byproduct carbon black from deoiled asphalt gasification unit were systemically investigated using elemental analysis,thermogravimetry,Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FT-IR),N_(2) isothermal adsorption specific surface analysis,TEM,SEM,XRD,XRF and other methods.The results show that:(1)the mass fractions of fixed carbon,volatiles and ash in the carbon black are 86.10%,7.04%and 5.88%,respectively;the comprehensive combustibility index S of the carbon black is 9.47×10^(-5)%^(2)/(min^(2)·℃^(3)),indicating low combustion reactivity.(2)The surface of carbon black contains a large number of aromatic hydrocarbon structures and also a certain amount of O-H,C=O,C-O and other oxygen-containing functional groups.(3)The pores in carbon black are dominated by mesopore and macropore,and the total specific surface area and pore volume of carbon black are only 207.15 m^(2)/g and 0.49 cm^(3)/g,respectively.(4)The secondary particles and agglomerates in carbon black are basically shown as a branched-chain structure,and the carbon black particles can be classified as porous,foamed and crumbled types according to their surface characteristics.(5)The carbon black ash exists in the form of aggregates of strip-and flake-shaped particles,of which the mass fractions of the key components V_(2)O^(5) and NiO are 64.1%and 19.3%,respectively.Thus,carbon black can be used as vanadium and nickel resources.