基于振动信号的滚动轴承故障诊断分析

Fault Diagnosis and Analysis of Rolling Bearings Based on Vibration Signal

滚动轴承在进行台架耐久试验时出现失效或故障等,需要停机寻找故障原因,延长试验时间,浪费试验资源。针对这个问题,对轴承故障早期诊断方法开展研究。通过分析对比各种信息载体的特点,确定将振动信号作为滚动轴承故障诊断的载体。对比基于振动信号的3种故障诊断方法,即时域分析方法、频域分析方法和时频域分析方法的优缺点。通过人为制造轴承缺陷,验证故障诊断方法的可行性。验证结果表明,在试验设备不停机状态下,利用频域分析方法中的故障特征频率,可以快速准确定位轴承故障位置。

When a rolling bearing fails or malfunctions during a bench durability test, etc., it needs to be stopped to find the cause of the failure, which will prolong the test time and waste the test resources. In response to this problem,the early diagnosis method of bearing failure is studied. By analyzing and comparing the characteristics of various information carriers, it is determined that the vibration signal is used as the carrier for rolling bearing fault diagnosis.Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of three fault diagnosis methods based on vibration signal, instant domain analysis method, frequency domain analysis method and time-frequency domain analysis method. The feasibility of the fault diagnosis method will be verified by creating bearing defects artificially. The verification results show that the fault characteristic frequency in the frequency domain analysis method can be used to locate the bearing fault location quickly and accurately under the non-stop condition of the test equipment.