城轨车体端部底架疲劳试验方法研究

Fatigue Test Method of End Underframe of Urban Rail Car Body

车体是城轨车辆的重要组成结构,而端部底架又是车体受力和焊缝布局最复杂的部位,其疲劳可靠性对整车的抗疲劳能力至关重要。疲劳试验既可以考核车体的疲劳寿命,还能够将焊缝的工艺因素考虑在内。本文通过调研和对比国内外相关文献和标准,确定了按挠度一致性原则施加垂向静载荷并根据EN 12663标准和VDV 152建议编制了车钩纵向、车体垂向以及中心销载荷在内的城轨车体端部底架疲劳试验载荷谱,根据试验载荷制定了端部底架的疲劳试验方案,并完成了端部底架的疲劳试验。通过试验过程中和试验完成后的探伤检查,验证了该型城轨车辆端部底架的焊接工艺和抗疲劳能力满足设计要求。

The car body is an important bearing component of the urban rail vehicle.The end underframe is the most complicated part of the car body force and weld layout,and its fatigue reliability is crucial to the fatigue resistance of the vehicle.The fatigue test can accurately evaluate the fatigue life of the car body.It can also take the process factors of the weld into consideration.Through reviewing relevant domestic and foreign literatures and standards,this paper determines the application of vertical static load according to the principle of deflection consistency.The fatigue test load spectrum of the end underframe of the car body,including the longitudinal direction of the coupler,the vertical direction of the vehicle body and the load of the center pin,is compiled according to the EN 12663 standard and VDV 152 recommendations.The fatigue test plan of the end underframe is established according to the test load,and the fatigue test is completed.Through the flaw detection during and after the test,the welding process and fatigue resistance of the end underframe are verified to meet the design requirements.