呼和浩特市空间形态景观层积与景观特征分析

Analysis on the Urban Landscape Historic Layering and Features in Hohhot

基于城镇历史景观的“层积”理念,以1572-1949年呼和浩特市主城区空间形态为研究对象,在相关文献及研究成果基础上结合典型案例实地调查,运用城市形态学等方法从山水格局、城市形态、路网结构、园林景观及典型案例等方面对呼和浩特市近400年的城市空间形态景观层积及景观特征进行分析。结果表明:呼和浩特市山水格局符合中国传统山水城市特点,城市空间形态演进经历了明清和民国2个时期6个发展阶段,城市形态、路网结构和园林景观具有时空分异特点,景观结构趋于复杂;典型案例景观具有中国传统院落与汉传佛寺布局、空间序列及汉藏结合式景观特征。通过对呼和浩特市城市历史景观空间形态演变与特征的分析,以期为城市历史景观保护、传承、活化等提供借鉴。

Based on the concept of urban landscape historic layering, this study takes the main urban area of Hohhot as the research object to analyze its urban landscape historic layering and landscape features from the year 1572 to 1949,with the perspectives of landscape pattern, urban spatial form, road network structure, landscape architecture and typical cases.We first reviewed the literature to obtain a thorough understanding of the existing research results, and then integrated field investigation and urban morphology method to conduct analysis.The results indicated that the Hohhot urban landscape was consistent with the characteristics of the traditional Chinese city landscape patterns.From the Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China, the urban spatial form of Hohhot had experienced six stages during the two eras, during which the landscape structure became more complex.We also observed that the progression of the urban spatial form, road network structure, and landscape architecture demonstrated spatio-temporal heterogeneity.The typical cases of landscapes in Hohhot share the common characteristics of the traditional Chinese courtyard layout, spatial sequence, and Chinese-Tibetan combination landscape.Through the analysis of the evolution and characteristics of urban historical landscape spatial form in Hohhot, this study may provide references for the protection, inheritance, and revitalization of the urban historical landscape.