入世20年中国服务贸易发展基本图景:历程、特征与经验

The Basic Process,Characteristics and Experience of China’s Trade in Service Development Since its Entry into WTO

加入世界贸易组织(简称“入世”)对中国服务贸易全方位发展产生了积极影响,是中国服务贸易进入高质量发展轨道的重要前提。入世后,中国服务贸易发展大致先后经历了接轨发展模式与自主开放兼创新发展模式,并呈现出服务贸易规模持续扩大,服务贸易出口结构不断优化,服务进出口世界排名位次稳步上升,旅行服务进口成为主要增长点等显著特征。但同时,中国服务贸易在对外贸易中的比重长期处于低位,持续处于逆差状态,且日益受到国际经济波动的影响。此外,入世后,中国服务贸易发展也获得了不少重要的宝贵经验,如国家的重视与扶持是中国服务贸易发展的重大前提,入世倒逼市场化改革为服务贸易发展带来活力,服务业渐进开放推动服务贸易快速发展,扩大开放促进了服务贸易竞争力的提升,产业园区成为承载服务贸易产业的主力军,相关政策体系的不断完善形成了互促合力。

China’s entry into WTO has a profound impact on the fast development of its service trade.After China’s entry into WTO,the development of China service trade has generally experienced from integration mode to independent opening and innovative development mode.Since China’s accession to the WTO,China’s service trade has made great achievements and presented distinctive characteristics,which are shown as follows:Since China’s accession to the WTO,China’s scale has continued to expand,the export structure of service trade has been continuously optimized,the ranking of service import and export in the world has continued to rise,and the import of travel services has become the explosive growth point,However,the proportion of China’s service trade in foreign trade has been low for a long time,and continues to show a deficit,and increasingly affected by the international economic situation.After China’s accession to WTO,China has gained a lot of valuable experience in the development of service trade,including that the state attaches great importance to laying the political foundation for the development of service trade,China’s accession to the WTO forces market-oriented reform to bring vitality to the development of service trade,gradual opening-up of the service industry promoting rapid development of service trade,promoting the competitiveness of service trade through opening-up,the industrial park becoming an important service trade industry carrier,and relevant policy system continuously improved to produce a joint driving force.