河北省黄壁庄地区地下水水质健康风险评价

Health Risk Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Huangbizhuang Area,Hebei Province

河北省石家庄市黄壁庄地区是一级水源地,担任为区内多地供水的重任,为了探究该地区人民的用水安全问题,利用健康风险评价模型对区域内地下水进行了评价。结果显示,区域内检测到的有害因子包含NO_(3)^(-)、F-和As,NO_(3)^(-)和F-会导致非致癌风险,As会导致致癌风险。健康风险评价结果显示,深层地下水的致癌风险为1.94×10^(-6)~2.52×10^(-4),非致癌风险为0.18~5.70,浅层地下水的致癌风险为1.25×10^(-5)~2.40×10^(-4),非致癌风险为0.55~4.84,致癌风险远小于非致癌风险。非致癌因子中NO_(3)^(-)占比较大,可能是由于工业污水排放、农业化肥使用和居民生活垃圾处理不当。在离子浓度相同的情况下,儿童较成人更易受到相关离子的威胁,可能是由于儿童生活习惯、免疫能力与成人的差异。饮用导致的风险占总风险的97%,是主要的风险来源。

Huangbizhuang area of Shijiazhuang city is an important water source area,which is responsible for supplying water to many places in the region.To explore the water safety of people in the area,this paper uses the health risk assessment model to evaluate the groundwater in the region.The results show that the harmful factors detected in the area include NO_(3)^(-)、F-and As.NO_(3)^(-)and F-lead to noncarcinogenic risk,and As lead to carcinogenic risk.The health risk assessment results show that the carcinogenic risk of deep groundwater is 1.94×10^(-6)~2.52×10^(-4),and the noncarcinogenic risk is 0.18~5.70,and the carcinogenic risk of shallow groundwater is 1.25×10^(-5)~2.40×10^(-4),and the noncarcinogenic risk is 0.55~4.84.The carcinogenic risk is much lower than the noncarcinogenic risk.The risk of cancer is much less than that of noncancer.NO_(3)^(-)accounts for a large proportion of noncarcinogenic factors,which may be due to improper discharge of industrial sewage,use of agricultural chemical fertilizer and treatment of household garbage.With the same ion concentration,children are more vulnerable to the threat of related ions than adults,which may be due to the differences in children’s living habits and immune ability between children and adults.The risk caused by drinking accounts for 97%of the total risk and is the main source of risk.