纯视觉输入非言语性认知功能评定量表在中老年重度听力障碍者中的应用

The Application of the Visual Version of the Non-Speech-Based Cognitive Assessment in the People with Severe Hearing Impairment

目的应用纯视觉输入非言语性认知功能评定量表评估45岁及以上重度听力障碍者的认知功能,探讨重度听力障碍中老年人群的认知功能特点及其影响因素。方法191例受试者(年龄45~89岁,平均63.42±9.61岁)分为重度听力障碍组(听障组)91例(平均64.58±8.51岁)与正常听力组(健听组)100例(平均62.37±10.44岁);两组分别进行纯视觉输入非言语性认知功能评定量表的评估,包含记忆力、注意力、逻辑推理能力、视空间能力以及执行能力5个认知领域,采用多元线性回归分析法比较两组量表总分及记忆力、注意力、逻辑推理能力、视空间能力以及执行能力分量表的得分,分析量表评估完成时间的影响因素。结果健听组及听障组的量表总分分别为69.54±8.71、62.21±9.63分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);记忆力分量表得分分别为16.83±2.79、13.78±4.55分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);注意力分量表得分分别为26.30±4.16、24.12±5.03分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);逻辑推理能力分量表得分分别为7.28±0.98、6.25±1.30分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);视空间能力分量表得分分别为10.83±1.91、9.75±1.78分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);执行能力分量表得分分别为8.30±1.94、8.27±1.84分,差异无统计学意义(P=0.87)。听障组的记忆力得分、注意力得分、量表总分以及记忆力分量表的完成时间与年龄相关(均为P<0.05),受试者是否患有高血压影响逻辑推理分量表及视空间能力分量表的完成时间(P<0.05)。结论重度听力障碍中老年者的总体认知功能水平明显低于正常听力者,纯视觉输入非言语性认知功能评定量表可能是一种适用于重度听力障碍中老年人群认知功能筛查的工具。

Objective Applying the Visual Version of the Non-Speech-Based Cognitive Assessment in the people with severely hearing impairment and normal hearing people aged 45 and above to study the cognitive function characteristics of the middle-aged and elderly people with severe hearing impairment.Methods The study included 191 subjects,aged 45~89 years old,with an average age of 63.42±9.61,including 91 subjects with severe hearing impairment(hearing impairment group)and 100 subjects with normal hearing(normal hearing group).The two groups were evaluated by the Visual Version of the Non-Speech-Based Cognitive Assessment,including the subscale of memory,reasoning,visual-spatial,attention and executive function.Subjects with severe cognitive impairment and depression were excluded.Compare the general conditions of the two groups of subjects.And compare the total scores of the Visual Version of the Non-Speech-Based Cognitive Assessment and the scores of the memory,reasoning,visual-spatial,attention and executive function subscales of the two groups of subjects.Using multiple linear regression analysis to explore influewcing factors of the scores and completion time of the Visual Version of the Non-Speech-Based Cognitive Assessment with five subscales in the middle-aged and elderly subjects with severe hearing impairment.Results The memory subscale scores of the hearing normal group and the hearing impairment group were 16.83±2.79 and 13.78±4.55 points,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The attention subscale scores of the normal hearing group and the hearing impairment group were 26.30±4.16,24.12±5.03 points respectively,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The reasoning subscale scores of the normal hearing group and the hearing impairment group were 7.28±0.98,6.25±1.30 points,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The visual-spatial subscale scores of the normal hearing group and the hearing impairment group were 10.83±1.91,9.75±1.78 points,respectively,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total scores of the Visual Version of the Non-Speech-Based Cognitive Assessment of the hearing normal group and hearing impairment group were 69.54±8.71,62.21±9.63 points,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The executive function subscale scores of the hearing normal group and the hearing impairment group were 8.30±1.94 and 8.27±1.84 points,respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.87).The memory scores,attention scores,visual-spatial scores,the Visual Version of the Non-Speech-Based Cognitive Assessment scores and the completion time of the memory subscale in the hearing impairment group are related to age(P<0.05),while hypertension affects the completion time of the reasoning subscale and the visual-spatial subscale completion time(P<0.05).Conclusion The overall cognition of middle-aged and elderly people with severe hearing impairment is significantly lower than that of people with normal hearing.The Visual Version of the Non-Speech-Based Cognitive Assessment may be a cognition screening tool in middle-aged and elderly people,especially for middle-aged and elderly people with severe hearing impairment.