成渝地区双城经济圈土地利用与景观格局动态变化研究

Research on Dynamic Changes of Land Use and Landscape Pattern in Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle

基于2000、2010、2018年3个时期的土地利用数据,利用土地利用动态度、土地利用转移矩阵和景观格局指数,对成渝地区双城经济圈的土地利用与景观格局动态变化特征进行分析,并探究其影响因素。结果表明,2000—2018年成渝地区双城经济圈的各土地利用类型面积占比从大到小依次是耕地>林地>草地>建设用地>水域>未利用土地;耕地、草地面积在减少,林地、水域、建设用地面积在增加,其中耕地、林地分别是土地利用的主要转出、转入类型;类型水平上,耕地、林地的破碎化程度、形状复杂均较高,且除草地以外,耕地、林地、水域、建设用地的破碎化程度、景观连通度、形状的复杂程度均有所提高;整体上,景观的聚集度和连续性下降,多样性增加,各土地利用类型分布变得更加均衡。通过驱动因素分析,发现政策、规划、社会经济发展与自然条件变化是影响成渝地区双城经济圈土地利用景观格局变化的主要驱动因素。

Based on the land use data of 2000,2010 and 2018,this paper analyzed the dynamic change characteristics of land use and landscape pattern in Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle by using land use dynamic degree,land use transfer matrix and landscape pattern index,and explored its driving factors.The results showed that from 2000 to 2018,the proportion of land use types in Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle was cultivated land>forest>grassland>construction land>water area>unused land;the area of cultivated land and grassland were decreasing,while the area of forest,water area and construction land were increasing,among which cultivated land and forest respectively were the main transfer-out and transfer-in types of land use.At the type level,the degree of fragmentation and complex shape of cultivated land and forest land were higher,and except for grassland,the degree of fragmentation,landscape connectivity,and shape complexity of cultivated land,forest,water area and construction land had all increased.On the whole,the degree of aggregation and continuity of landscape were decreasing,the diversity was increasing,and the distribution of land use types had become more balanced.Through the analysis of driving factors,it was found that policy,planning,socio-economic development and natural conditions change were the main driving factors affecting the change of landscape pattern of land use in Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle.