人工毛竹林生态水文过程对气候变化的响应

Response of Ecohydrological Processes in Artificial Bamboo Forest to Climate Change

为揭示生态水文过程与气候变化的关系,以广西猫儿山典型流域人工毛竹林为研究对象,利用Hydrus-1D模型模拟了毛竹林土壤水分及其他水文要素,在此基础上,针对设定的不同气候变化情景,分析了人工毛竹林对气候变化的响应。结果表明:Hydrus-1D模型可满足人工毛竹林生态水文分析,人工毛竹林蒸散发量占总降水量的28.40%,径流以基流为主。在不同气候变化情景下,气温升幅控制蒸发和蒸腾的增幅,且冬季增幅大于夏季增幅。径流对降水变化更敏感,降水变化会更多地影响夏季径流,而气温则更易影响冬季径流。降水对夏季土壤储水量影响大于冬季,气温则更多地影响冬季土壤储水量。气温降水耦合情况下,土壤储水量对降水减少气温升高时敏感性最明显,总体表现为冬季土壤储水量更易受影响。研究结果可为区域生态规划、水资源开发利用等提供参考依据。

In order to reveal the relationship between ecohydrological processes and climate change,the artificial bamboo forest in typical watershed of Mao′er Mountain,Guangxi Province was used as the research object.The Hydrus-1D model was used to simulate the soil moisture and other hydrological elements of the bamboo forest.Different climate change scenarios were set to analyze the response of the artificial bamboo forest to climate change.The results show that the Hydrus-1D model is suitable for the ecohydrological analysis of the artificial bamboo forest;the evapotranspiration of the artificial bamboo forest accounts for 28.40%of the total precipitation,and the runoff is mainly base flow;under different climate change scenarios,the increase of evaporation and transpiration is controlled by the increase of temperature,and the increase in winter is greater than that in summer;runoff was more sensitive to changes in precipitation;changes in precipitation affect summer runoff more,while temperature is more likely to affect winter runoff;precipitation has more influence on soil water storage in summer than in winter,while temperature has more influence on soil water storage in winter;under the condition of coupling with temperature and precipitation,soil water storage is most sensitive to the decrease of precipitation and the increase of temperature,and the soil water storage overall is more obviously affected in winter.These results can provide reference for regional ecological planning and water resources development and utilization.