基于随机森林模型的哺乳期乳腺炎病人母乳喂养效果现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of breastfeeding effect and influencing factors of lactation mastitis patients based on random forest model

目的:探讨哺乳期乳腺炎病人母乳喂养效果现状,并分析其影响因素,为提升母乳喂养效果提供依据。方法:采用便利抽样法,选择2021年5月—8月在北京市某三级甲等医院乳腺科就诊的230例哺乳期乳腺炎病人为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、母乳喂养效果量表、母乳喂养家庭支持问卷进行调查。采用随机森林算法筛选影响母乳喂养效果的因素并进行排序,并用线性回归分析探究影响母乳喂养效果的因素。结果:230例哺乳期乳腺炎病人母乳喂养效果得分为(14.37±2.98)分,母乳喂养有效率为24.3%,母乳喂养家庭支持得分为(3.18±0.51)分。随机森林算法显示,母乳喂养家庭支持、母乳喂养方式、文化程度为重要性排序前3位的变量。多元线性回归分析结果显示,文化程度、哺乳期乳腺炎史、母乳喂养家庭支持、母乳喂养方式是哺乳期乳腺炎病人母乳喂养效果的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:哺乳期乳腺炎病人母乳喂养效果较差,医护人员可从影响哺乳期乳腺炎病人母乳喂养效果的因素着手,鼓励家属给予哺乳期乳腺炎病人足够的家庭支持,提高母乳喂养效果。

Objective:To discuss the current status of breastfeeding effect in patients with lactation mastitis,and analyze its influencing factors to provide evidence for improving breastfeeding effect.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select lactation mastitis patients who attended the department of breast of a tertiary grade A general hospital in Beijing from May to August,2021 as the research objects.The general information questionnaire,Breastfeeding Effect Scale,Breastfeeding Family Support Questionnaire were used for investigation.The random forest algorithm was used to screen and rank the items that affect the effect of breastfeeding,and linear regression analysis was used to explore the factors that affect the effect of breastfeeding.Results:The breastfeeding effect score of 230 patients with lactation mastitis was(14.37±2.98),the effective rate of breastfeeding was 24.3%,and the score of breastfeeding family support was(3.18±0.51).The random forest algorithm showed that family support,breastfeeding methods,education level were the top three variables in the order of importance.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level,breastfeeding mastitis history,breastfeeding family support and pattern of breastfeeding were the influencing factors of breastfeeding effect in lactation mastitis patients(P<0.05).Conclusion:The breastfeeding effect in lactation mastitis patients is poor.Medical staff can start with the factors that affect the breastfeeding effect of lactation mastitis patients,encourage family members to provide adequate family support to patients with lactation mastitis,and improve breastfeeding effects.