基于“知信行”理论模式干预对老年维持性血液透析患者主要照顾者的影响

The influence of comprehensive nursing intervention on the main caregivers of elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients based on the Theory of Knowledge,Belief and Action

目的:探讨以“知信行”理论模式为基础的综合护理干预方案对老年维持性血液透析患者主要照顾者的影响。方法:选取某三级甲等医院血液净化室86例老年透析患者及其照顾者为研究对象,采用抛硬币法将其分为对照组(42例)和干预组(44例)。对照组采用常规护理方法,干预组采用以“知信行”理论模式为基础的综合护理方案进行干预。比较两组照顾者透析知识水平、照顾负担、总体幸福感及患者两次透析期间脱水量增长值。结果:干预3个月后,干预组照顾者透析知识水平、总体幸福感高于对照组,照顾负担、患者脱水量低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:“知信行”理论模式进行护理干预可有效提高照顾者认知水平、总体幸福感,降低照顾者负担及患者脱水量。

Objective:To explore the influence of comprehenvsive nursing intervention on the main caregivers of elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients based on the Theory of Knowledge,Belief fand Action.Methods:A total of 86 elderly dialysis patients and their caregivers in the blood purification center of a class A hospital of grade Ⅲ were selected for the subjects of study from March 2019 to December 2019,They were separated into the contrast group and the intervention group by coin tossing method.The contrast group adopted routine nursing methods,and the intervention group with comprehensive nursing intervention scheme based on the Theory of Knowledge,Belief and Action.Compare two groups of caregivers with their knowledge level of dialysis,care burden,general well-being and the increase value of patients’ twice dialysis dehydration.Results:After 3 months of intervention,the level of caregivers knowledge and general well-being of caregivers in intervention group were higher than those in control group,Care burden were lower than those in control group,and dehydration of patients in intervention group were lower than those in control group.The differences were statistically meaning(P <0.05).Conclusion:The Model of Knowledge,Belief and Action Theory,which can improve the cognitive level and overall well-being of caregivers effectively,reduce the burden of caregivers and the amount of dehydration in patients.