技术时代的听觉关怀:论杜维明的听觉审美之思

Auditory Care in the Technological Age:On Tu Weiming’s Auditory Aesthetic Thought

杜维明用“相遇”和“神会”来描述人对外部世界的审美,指出了视觉形象化存在的弊端,并自觉倡导“听的艺术”,强调“听”在人与外部世界相遇过程中的不可替代的重要作用。同时,杜维明重视“听德”的培养,用“听进去”强调入心的审美倾听,将内听能力视作人与世界实现更深的冥契的必要之途。杜维明的听觉审美思想蕴含着丰富的生态智慧,表现出自觉深切的听觉关怀。在当今技术化时代语境下,聆听自然之于生态化生存的实现,培养“听德”之于生态人格的养成,学会“倾听”之于多元文化生态的打造,皆具有启发性意义。杜维明的听觉思想是一种“中国声音”的审美表达,亦是对时代吁求的积极回应,基于本土资源而具有世界性意义。但杜维明的听觉审美思想对生态危机的关注和思考更多着眼于精神层面的人与世界和谐及人的自我修养对生态保护的意义,特别是对于“德听”的强调,容易使“听”的审美经验沦为一种抽象的精神而难以最大限度地释放其可能性。

Tu Weiming,used "meeting" and "meeting with God" to describe people’s aesthetic appreciation of the external world. He pointed out the disadvantages of visual visualization,and consciously advocated "the art of listening",emphasizing the irreplaceable role of "hearing" in the encounter between human beings and the outside world. At the same time,Tu Weiming paid attention to the cultivation of "listening morality". He saw inner hearing as a necessary way to achieve a deeper connection with the world. Tu Weiming’s auditory aesthetic thought contains rich ecological wisdom,showing a deep sense of auditory care. In the context of today’s Technological Age,it is enlightening to listen to nature for the realization of ecological survival,cultivate "listening" for the development of ecological personality,and learning to "listen" for the creation of a multicultural ecology. Tu Weiming’s auditory thought is an aesthetic expression of "Chinese Voice" and a positive response to the demands of the times. It has global significance based on local resources. But more attention is paid to the harmony between the human and the world at the spiritual level and the significance of human self-cultivation for ecological protection. In particular,his emphasis on "Moral Listening" can easily make the aesthetic experience of "listening" an abstract spirit,and make it difficult to release its greatest possibilities.