美德日制造业智能化转型创新模式比较——基于国家创新体系的视角

Comparison of Innovation Modes of Manufacturing Industry Intelligent Transformation between the US,Germany and Japan:based on the Perspective of National Innovation System

当前新一代信息技术蓬勃发展并加速向制造业渗透,制造业智能化转型成为引领制造业高质量发展的方向。美国、德国、日本三个国家凭借长期以来形成的国家创新体系优势,通过建立创新生态系统、打造推进平台以及优先构建标准体系架构等,着力推动制造业智能化转型。在具体推动路径上,三个国家在官产学研等创新体系要素上都投入了资源和努力;同时,借由各自的发展优势,在创新主导力量、涵盖领域、重点环节、发展思路和发展目标等方面又存在不同。对于中国来说,重视创新引领、结合自身的需求和优势、充分发挥企业主体作用、重视标准化建设以及加强教育培训是重要的经验借鉴。

The United States, Germany and Japan, with the advantage of national innovation system formed over a long period of time, strive to promote the intelligent transformation of manufacturing industry by establishing innovation ecosystem, building promotion platform and giving priority to the construction of standard system architecture.On the specific promotion path, the three countries have invested resources and efforts in the elements of the national innovation system, such as government, industry, education and research. At the same time, due to their respective development advantages, there are differences in the leading force of innovation, covering fields, key links, development ideas and development goals.