玻璃离子水门汀天然抗菌成分研究进展

Research progress on natural antibacterial ingredients of glass ionomer cement

玻璃离子水门汀(glass ionomer cement,GIC)作为口腔临床常见的充填修复材料应用广泛,但仍面临继发龋和充填体折裂的问题,GIC的抗菌防龋性能有待进一步提高。近年来,天然抗菌成分凭借良好的生物学性能、低耐药性等成为研究热点。本文依据抗菌成分的不同来源将GIC改性中的天然抗菌成分进行分类综述。动物源性方面,壳聚糖、酪蛋白磷酸肽-无定形磷酸钙发挥抗菌性能,且不影响材料机械性能;蜂胶、生物活性酶类具备良好生物相容性;植物源性方面,多酚类化合物有助于改善材料的抗菌和机械性能;精氨酸发挥良好的再矿化作用;植物精油有一定的离子释放作用;微生物源性方面,抗生素使材料的抗菌性能大幅提高;另外天然抗菌成分的联合应用也展现出优异性能。尽管天然抗菌成分优点较多,但实现临床应用之前,对于其的最适添加浓度、体内生物安全性等问题仍需进一步探讨。

Glass ionomer cement(GIC)is widely used as a common filling material in dentistry but still exhibits problems with secondary caries and fractures.Thus,the antibacterial and anti-caries performance of GIC needs to be further improved.In recent years,natural antimicrobial components have become more desirable due to their good biological properties and low drug resistance.In this review,the natural antimicrobial ingredients in GIC modification are classified,reviewed and summarized according to the different sources of antimicrobial ingredients.In terms of animal origin,chitosan and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate exhibit antimicrobial properties without affecting the mechanical properties of materials;propolis and bioactive enzymes have good biocompatibility;in terms of plant origin,polyphenols help improve the antimicrobial and mechanical properties of the material;arginine has a good remineralization effect;and plant essential oils have a certain ion release effect.In terms of microbial origin,antibiotics greatly improve the antibacterial properties of materials;in addition,the combined application of natural antimicrobial ingredients also exhibited excellent performance.Despite these advantages,the optimal addition concentration and biocompatibility in vivo are questions that need to be further explored before clinical applications can be achieved.