基于自供给模式的电动汽车换电站供需均衡运营策略

Supply-demand equilibrium operation strategy of electric vehicle battery swapping station based on self-supply mode

以换电模式为电动汽车(EV)提供能源补给是促进EV行业发展的重要保障。为了评估EV换电站的运营模式、提高EV换电站的运营效益,提出了一种基于自供给模式的EV换电站供需均衡运营策略。针对未来可行的统一化电池规格和换电站自供给模式,EV既可作为电池消费者,又可作为电池服务提供者,通过设计换电站的动态奖励机制,以吸引EV用户充当电池服务提供者辅助换电站提供换电服务,并基于带约束的马尔可夫决策框架对系统的随机优化问题进行建模。算例结果表明所提策略能使换电站自适应地选择给予电池服务提供者的奖励,从而在满足换电站服务质量水平约束的条件下最大化换电站的运营效益。

It is an important guarantee to promote the development of EV(Electric Vehicle)industry to provide energy supply for EVs by battery swapping mode.In order to evaluate the operation mode and improve the operation benefit of EV battery swapping station,a supply-demand equilibrium operation strategy of EV battery swapping station based on self-supply mode is proposed.In view of the feasible unified battery specifications and self-supply mode of battery swapping station in the future,EVs can serve as both battery consumers and battery service providers.The dynamic incentive mechanism of battery swapping station is designed to attract EV users to act as battery service providers to assist the battery swapping station in providing battery swapping service,and the stochastic optimization problem of the system is modeled based on Markov decision framework with constraints.The results of an example show that the proposed strategy can make the battery swapping station adaptively select the reward to the battery service providers,so as to maximize the operation benefit of the battery swapping station under the condition of satisfying the service quality level constraint of the battery swapping station.