多元运动干预对老年心血管疾病患者衰弱状态和运动功能的影响

Eff ects of multi-exercise intervention on frailty and motor function in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease

目的探讨多元运动干预对老年心血管疾病患者衰弱状态和运动功能的影响。方法选取2020年6月—2021年6月老年心血管疾病患者90例为研究对象,按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则将患者分为观察组与对照组,每组45例,对照组行常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施多元运动干预,比较两组入组时及干预后3个月衰弱、认知功能、平衡步态量表、日常生活活动能力及生活质量评分等的变化。结果干预前,两组衰弱3个维度评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组衰弱3个维度评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组日常生活功能评分、认知状态评价量表(MMSE)评分及平衡步态评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组日常生活活动能力评分、MMSE评分、平衡步态评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组病情、体力状况、一般生活功能、医疗状况、社会心理状况及工作状况评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组病情、体力状况、一般生活功能、医疗状况、社会心理状况及工作状况维度评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良心脏事件发生率、患者再住院率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论多元运动干预能有效改善老年心血管疾病患者衰弱状态及运动功能,降低患者不良心脏事件发生率、复发率,改善患者生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of multi-exercise intervention on frailty and motor function in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease.Methods To select 90 elderly patients with cardiovascular disease from June 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the study objects,and the patients were divided into ab observation group and a control group according to the principle of comparability of basic characteristics between groups,with 45 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing care,while the observation group received multiple exercise intervention on the basis of the control group to compare the changes of frailty,cognitive function,balance gait scale,activities of daily living and quality of life scores between the two groups at the time of enrollment and 3 months after the intervention.Results Before the intervention,there was no signifi cant diff erence in the scores of frailty 3 dimensions between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the scores of frailty 3 dimensions in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the diff erences were statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there was no signifi cant diff erence in the mini-mental state examination(MMSE)score and balance gait score between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the scores of activities of daily living,MMSE and balance gait in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the diff erences were statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there was no signifi cant diff erence in the scores of illness,physical condition,general living function,medical condition,social psychological condition and work condition between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the observation group had higher scores on the dimensions of illness,physical condition,general living function,medical condition,social psychological condition and work condition than the control group,and the diff erences were statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse cardiac events and the readmission rate of patients in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the diff erences were statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of multi-exercise intervention can eff ectively improve the debilitated state and motor function of elderly patients with cardiovascular disease,reduce the incidence and recurrence rate of adverse cardiac events,and improve the living quality of patients.