工业铝灰废物化学分析与危险废特性鉴别要点研究

Study on key points of chemical analysis and hazardous waste identification of industrial aluminum ash waste

以某生态环境执法案件中非法疑似工业铝灰固体废物为待鉴别对象,通过现场踏勘、理化性状定性判断、样品采集与化学分析等方式对固体废物进行鉴别。结果显示,待鉴别对象物理性状与工业铝灰极为相似,固体废物样品浸出液呈碱性,13个样品废物样品浸出液无机氟化物检测结果4个超过危险废物浸出毒性标准限值,达到《危险废物鉴别技术规范》(HJ298-2019)中超标份样数下限值4;待鉴别固体废物具有反应性,与水反应生成有毒气体NH_(3)和易燃易爆性气体CH_(4);鉴别结果表明待鉴别对象是工业铝灰,具有危险特性,属于危险废物。

Taking the illegal suspected industrial aluminum ash solid waste in an ecological environment law enforcement case as the object to be identified,the solid waste was identified by means of on-site survey,qualitative judgment of physical and chemical properties,sample collection and chemical analysis.The results show that the physical properties of the object to be identified are very similar to those of industrial aluminum ash.The leaching solution of waste samples is alkaline.The test results of inorganic fluoride in the leaching solution of 13 samples exceed the standard limit of leaching toxicity of hazardous waste,reaching the lower limit of exceeding the standard sample number 4 in the technical specification for identification of hazardous waste(HJ298-2019).The waste water is reactive and generates toxic gas ammonia and flammable and explosive gas methane,It shows that the object to be identified is industrial aluminum ash,which has dangerous characteristics and belongs to hazardous waste.