液体聚磷酸铵在农业上的应用研究进展

Research progress on the application of liquid ammonium polyphosphate in agriculture

液体聚磷酸铵是一种含氮、磷的新型化学肥料,有效性高,兼容性强、螯合功能好,施于土壤中能有效增加土壤中有效磷的浓度,降低土壤对磷的固定,提升磷的利用效率。本文综述了液体聚磷酸铵在我国的生产现状,重点分析了其作为启动肥、追肥及叶面肥在不同作物上的应用方法和施用效果,汇总了聚磷酸铵施用于玉米、大豆、番茄等作物上所表现出的对于生物量提高,产量增加和品质提升的积极作用。最后,针对目前聚磷酸铵在农业生产中使用存在的问题,提出改进建议:(1)加强高效低成本液体聚磷酸铵生产工艺的研发,以提高农用效益;(2)打通从生产企业至田间地头的输运环节,根据区域农业生产特点,合理布局分销网络,建设专业化农业服务公司或规模化农业服务中心,为种植者提供施用的便利条件;(3)建立科学施肥技术服务体系,针对不同作物,提出最佳施用技术方案。

Liquid ammonium polyphosphate is a new type of chemical fertilizer containing nitrogen and phosphorus.It possesses the advantages of high effectiveness,strong compatibility and good chelation performance.When applied to soil,it can effectively increase the content of available phosphorus,reduce the fixation of phosphorus in the soil and improve the utilization efficiency of phosphorus.In this paper,the production status of liquid ammonium polyphosphate in China was reviewed,and its application methods and effects as starting fertilizer,topdressing and foliar fertilizer on different crops were analyzed.The positive effects of ammonium polyphosphate on biomass,yield and quality of corn,soybean,tomato,etc were summarized.Finally,the suggestions for the improvement of applying ammonium polyphosphate in agricultural production are proposed which include:(1)strengthen the research and development of high-efficiency and low-cost liquid ammonium polyphosphate production process to improve the agricultural benefits;(2)open up the transportation link from production enterprises to the fields,reasonably arrange the distribution network according to the characteristics of regional agricultural production,and build professional agricultural service companies or organizations and large-scale service centers to provide convenient application conditions for growers;(3)establish a scientific fertilization technology service system,and propose the best application technology scheme for different crops.