新时期高校教师与管理者冲突原因及化解新探

A New Exploration on Causes and Solutions for Conflict between Teachers and Administrators in Colleges and Universities in the New Era

高校教师与管理者发生的冲突,不仅对冲突双方造成了伤害,而且影响了双方的互信、合作和高校的共同治理。基于情感事件理论、合法的边缘性参与者理论和权力距离理论构建的分析框架,我们发现冲突的原因为:高校内设管理机构、管理层级、规章制度过多而责权利不匹配,教师与管理者工作负荷过高和工作时间过长,教学、科研项目式管理增加了双方非学术性的劳心劳力,教师与管理者受到个体特质的激发,教师与管理者对工作事件重要性、目标、主导权的认知分歧较大。新时期化解这些冲突,应从消极回避冲突转向积极正视冲突,扭转高校责权利层级不匹配局面,改革高校教师教学与科研支持的方式,不断提高个体情绪自控和共同思考能力,鼓励教师与管理者互换体验。

The conflict between teachers and administrators in colleges and universities not only hurts both of them,but also affects the mutual trust and cooperation,even the common management.According to the theoretical analysis framework,which is mainly based on the affective events theory,supplemented by legitimate peripheral participation theory and power distance theory,there are various reasons for this kind of conflict:too many management organizations,levels and rules in universities and the mismatch between responsibilities and rights;teachers and administrators have high workload and long working hours;teaching and research project-based management has increased the labor of non-academic labor;teachers and administrators are inspired by individual characteristics and they differ greatly in their cognition of the importance,goal and dominance of work.In order to resolve this kind of conflict in the new era,we should change the attitude from avoiding the conflict to confronting it positively,reverse the situation of the mismatch between responsibilities and rights,reform the ways for supporting teacher’s teaching and research,continuously improve the ability of individual emotional self-control and joint thinking and encourage teachers and administrators to exchange experiences.