《冬天的故事》:女性权力的消解、再生与王权焦虑

The Winter’s Tale :Deconstruction,Regeneration of Female Power and the Anxiety on Kingship

《冬天的故事》以王室女性命运为核心的叙事安排与“前悲后喜”的情节特征,隐含着莎士比亚对英国詹姆斯一世时期女性权力发展状况的关注。从性别权力与空间角度考察可以发现,剧中主要上演悲剧的西西里和主要上演喜剧的波希米亚实质上都是詹姆斯一世男性政治形象的隐喻投射。剧中男性对女性权力建构的限制与排斥,影射了斯图亚特王朝早期男权复辟过程中性别秩序的毁灭、女性权力在夹缝与隐蔽状态中的消解。剧中女性的回归与复活则暗示了女性权力的再生产。将戏剧文本置于其产生的历史文化语境之中可以见出,通过对女性权力消解与再生的艺术化展现,莎士比亚隐喻地表达了对詹姆斯一世王权的思考与焦虑。

The narrative arrangement with the fate of royal women as the core and the plot characteristics of “sorrow before and joy afterwards” in The Winter’s Tale imply Shakespeare’s attention to the development of women’s power in the period of James I.From the perspective of gender power and space, it can be found that Sicily, which mainly staged tragedy and Bohemia, which mainly staged comedy, are essentially metaphorical projections of male political images of King James I.The restriction and exclusion of men to the construction of women’s power in the play alludes to the destruction of gender order in the process of the restoration of men’s power in the early Stuart Dynasty, and the dissolution of women’s power in the crevice and hidden state.The return and resurrection of women in the play implies the reproduction of women’s power.By placing the drama text in the historical and cultural context, it can be seen that through the artistic display of the digestion and regeneration of women’s power, Shakespeare metaphorically expressed his thinking and anxiety about the kingship of James I.