建植密度和施氮水平互作对老芒麦农艺性状和种子产量的影响

Effects of Density and Nitrogen Level on Agronomic Traits and Seed Yield of Elymus Sibiricus

探究建植密度和施氮水平对老芒麦农艺性状和种子产量的影响,为新疆地区种植老芒麦提供生产理论基础。通过裂区试验设计,设置2个密度处理:低密度(25.87万株/hm^(2))、高密度(71.52万株/hm^(2)),下设5个施氮水平:0 kg/hm^(2)、30 kg/hm^(2)、60 kg/hm^(2)、90 kg/hm^(2)、120 kg/hm^(2),并在成熟期对老芒麦株高、茎粗、旗叶长、旗叶宽、倒二叶长、倒二叶宽等农艺性状及种子生产相关指标进行了测定。建植密度对老芒麦农艺性状和种子生产指标均具有显著影响,表现为高密度处理的老芒麦株高、倒二叶长、单位面积生殖枝数均显著高于低密度处理;施氮水平对老芒麦茎粗、旗叶长、旗叶宽、倒二叶长、倒二叶宽、单位面积生殖枝数、穗长、千粒重及种子产量均有显著的影响。建植密度和施氮水平对老芒麦种子产量具有显著的交互作用,低密度处理下随施氮量增加老芒麦种子产量增加,120 kg/hm^(2)施氮量下可获得最高的种子产量,高密度处理下随施氮量增加,老芒麦种子产量呈现先增加后降低趋势,施氮水平阈值为90 kg/hm^(2)。老芒麦建植密度为25.87万株/hm^(2),120 kg/hm^(2)施氮水平可获得较高的种子产量。

The aim was to explore the effects of planting density and nitrogen application level on agronomic traits and seed yield of old Elymus sibiricus(E.sibiricus),so as to provide theoretical basis for the production of E.sibiricus planting in Xinjiang.Through the split plot experiment,two density treatments were set:low density(258700 plants/hm^(2))and high density(715200 plants/hm^(2)),and five nitrogen application levels were set:0 kg/hm^(2),30 kg/hm^(2),60 kg/hm^(2),90 kg/hm^(2)and 120 kg/hm^(2).The agronomic traits such as plant height,stem diameter,flag leaf length,flag leaf width,inverted second leaf length,inverted second leaf width,as well as the related indexes of seed production were measured at maturity.The planting density had significant effects on agronomic traits and seed production of E.sibiricus.The plant height,the length of the second leaf and the number of reproductive branches per unit area of high-density treatment were significantly higher than those of low-density treatment.Nitrogen application level had significant indigenous effects on stem diameter,flag leaf length,flag leaf width,second leaf length,second leaf width,number of reproductive branches per unit area,spike length,1000-grain weight and seed yield.There was a significant interaction between planting density and nitrogen application level on seed yield of E.sibiricus.Under the low density treatment,the seed yield of E.sibiricus increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate,and the highest seed yield was obtained under 120 kg/hm^(2)nitrogen application rate.Under high density treatment,the seed yield of E.sibiricus increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate,and the threshold of nitrogen application level was 90 kg/hm^(2).High seed yield could be obtained when the planting density was 258700 plants/hm^(2)and the nitrogen application level was 120 kg/hm^(2).