“闹大”与“批示”:国家治理的信息化机制及其检视

"Maximizing Minor Troubles"and"Leaders’Instructions":Informatization Mechanism of National Governance and Its Examination

从信息化机制的角度检视国家治理方式及治理效果的呈现,能够增进对大国治理特殊性的理解,对于推进国家治理现代化具有重要意义。囿于治理负荷过载和治理能力不足的矛盾,国家治理面临着信息的识别、甄选和传递等困境。有别于传统官僚体制中官民信息传递的层级节制,“群众闹大”与“领导批示”通过不同的信息化机制,表达了对于特定问题的态度和意愿,刻画了政治运行的例外机制,也延展了问题解决的边际空间。“群众闹大”的信息化机制及其技术优势,倒逼“领导批示”的信息化策略,为国家治理的效率提升打开了政策窗口。作为“问题解决”的核心中介因素,官僚体制在信息的“输入—输出”过程中,进行着信息生产的理性计算。其在维护国家稳定和提升治理效能的同时,也在信息的生产、流通和反馈环节存在诸多限度。

Examining the national governance and its effect from the perspective of informatization mechanism can enhance our understanding of the particularity of big country governance,which is of great significance to promote the modernization of national governance.Due to the contradiction between governance overload and insufficient governance capacity,national governance is faced with the dilemma of information identification,selection and transmission.Different from the hierarchical control of information transmission between the officials and the people in the traditional bureaucratic system,"maximizing minor troubles"and"leaders’instruction"express their attitudes and wishes towards specific issues through different informatization mechanisms,depict the exceptional mechanism of political operation,and extend the boundary space for problem-solving.The informatization mechanism of"maximizing minor troubles"and its technical advantages push the informatization strategy of"leaders’instructions",which opens a policy window for improving the efficiency of national governance.As the core intermediary factor of"problem solving",the bureaucracy carries out rational calculation of information production in the"input-output"process of information.While maintaining the stability of the country and improving the efficiency of governance,it also has many limitations in the production,circulation and feedback of information.