2019—2021年淀山湖水源富营养化及磺胺类抗生素污染现况

Survey on water eutrophication and sulfa antibiotics pollution of Dianshan Lake in Qingpu District of Shanghai between 2019 and 2021

目的 了解淀山湖水质污染现况及磺胺类抗生素污染现况,为开展水源保护提供参考依据。方法 以5点梅花布点法对淀山湖进行布点采样,连续开展3年环境水质监测,使用超高液相色谱串联质谱对磺胺类抗生素进行检测,对水体总磷、总氮使用紫外线分光法进行检测,高锰酸盐指数依据国标《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T5750-2006)进行检测。结果淀山湖水质较历史监测呈现好转趋势,总磷水平在(0.08—0.45)mg/L之间,总氮水平在(1.29—9.93)mg/L之间波动;磺胺类抗生素可测得4种常见磺胺类抗生素。结论 淀山湖水质呈现好转趋势,主要表现为以氮、磷超标为特征的富营养化,但是能监测到多种磺胺类抗生素,可能会对社区居民带来健康风险。

Objective To investigate the current status of water pollution and sulfonamide antibiotic pollution in Dianshan Lake of China, and to provide a basis for water resource protection. Methods The plum blossom sampling method was used to perform environmental water quality monitoring of Dianshan Lake for three consecutive years. UPLC-MS was used to measure sulfonamide antibiotics, and UV spectrophotometry were used to measure total phosphorus and total nitrogen, and permanganate index were measured according to Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water(GB/T 5750-2006). Results The water quality of Dianshan Lake tended to improve compared with historical monitoring data. Total phosphorus levels ranged from 0.08 to 0.12 mg/L, and total nitrogen levels ranged from 1.32 to 9.93 mg/L. Four commonly used sulfonamide antibiotics were detected. Conclusion The water quality of Dianshan Lake tends to improve, manifesting as eutrophication characterized by excess nitrogen and phosphorous, while several types of sulfonamide antibiotics are detected, which may bring certain health risks to residents.