湖南油菜根肿病发生情况与防治对策

Control Measures and Occurrence of Rapeseed Clubroot Disease in Hunan

为了有效防治油菜根肿病,采用询问、实地查看、随机五点取样等方法,对湖南油菜主栽区2017年至2021年的油菜根肿病发病情况进行了调查,对发病原因进行了分析并提出了综合防治对策。结果表明:油菜根肿病主要集中在怀化地区和常德地区大发生,以沅陵县、溆浦县和临澧县发病较严重;发病原因主要是土壤偏酸性、病区冬季气温高、河流导致病害蔓延、轮作方式有利于病原菌的积累和农机具跨区作业。综合防治对策主要是加强病害检疫,选育抗病品种,优化农艺措施以及物理、化学和生物防治。

In order to effectively prevent and control rapeseed clubroot disease,the incidence of rapeseed clubroot disease from 2017 to 2021 in the main rapeseed areas in Hunan was investigated by means of inquiry,field inspection and randomfive-point sampling.The causes of rapeseed clubroot disease were analyzed,and the control measures were put forward.The results showed that rapeseed clubroot disease mainly occurred in the Huaihua and Changde areas,particularly Yuanling,Xupu and Linli were the most serious counties.The occurrence of this disease was attributed to acidic soil,high winter temperatures in the infected area,the river-mediated spread,rotation patterns beneficial to the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria and the cross-regional operation of agricultural machinery.Comprehensive control measures are mainly to strengthen disease quarantine,breed disease-resistant varieties,optimize agronomic measures and deploy physical,chemical and biological controls.